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The literary world has a new star£®Novelist Abdulrazak Gurnah is this year's winner of the Nobel Prize in literature in recognition of his “compassionate penetration (½Òʾ) of the effects of colonialism (Ö³ÃñÖ÷Òå) and the fate of the refugee (ÄÑÃñ)”£®

Gurnah grew up in Zanzibar, an island off the coast of Tanzania£®In 1964, Gurnah was forced to leave for England as a refugee, where he began to reflect on his experiences in a diary and then through stories£®Through the years, he wrote 10 novels and stories that explore the suffering caused by war and colonialism£®“The thing that motivated the whole experience of writing for me was this idea of losing your place in the world£¬”Gurnah told TheNewYorkTimes£®

His 1994 novel Paradise, which tells the story of a boy growing up in early 20th century Tanzania, marked his breakthrough as a novelist and won the Booker Prize£®Afterlives, his most recent work, continues the narrative of Paradise and takes place during the period of German colonialism in Tanzania£®

Before he retired, Gurnah£¬73, was a professor of English and Postcolonial Literatures at the University of Kent in England£®Although Gurnah's first language is Swahili, he adopted English as his literary language£®His writing often contains traces of Arabic, Swahili and German, as well£®

Anders Olsson, the chair of the Nobel committee, said that Gurnah “is widely recognised as one of the world's most preeminent post­colonial writers”£®

Ethiopian­American novelist Maaza Mengiste described Gurnah's writings as being “like a gentle blade (µ¶ÈÐ) slowly moving in”£®“He has written work that is absolutely unfearing and yet at the same time completely compassionate and full of heart for people of East Africa£¬”Mengiste said£®“He is writing stories that are often quiet stories of people who aren't heard, but there's an insistence there that we listen£®”

1£®What are Gurnah's works mainly about?

A£®The life of the people in Tanzania£®

B£®Effects of war and colonialism£®

C£®Experiences of living abroad£®

D£®Growth in an underdeveloped nation£®

2£®What can we know about Gurnah?

A£®He was inspired to write by his refugee experience£®

B£®He used to be a professor of law and literature£®

C£®He publishes his works in Arabic and Swahili£®

D£®He was not well­known until he won the Nobel Prize£®

3£®What does Maaza Mengiste think of Gurnah's writing?

A£®It is elegantly written in his native language£®

B£®It is widely welcomed by people around the world£®

C£®It is powerful and employs sharp language£®

D£®It calls for attention to the life of the underclass£®

4£®What does the underlined word “preeminent”in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A£®Awful£®¡¡¡¡¡¡                       B£®Potential£®

C£®Outstanding£®                       D£®Particular£®