第一节（共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
No human has set foot on the Moon since 1972. Now, after more than four decades of inactivity, interest in putting humans back on the Moon is finally heating up again. But who will get there first?
CHINA
On 14 December 2013, China successfully landed its Jade Rabbit rover(探测车)on the Moon. It is now working on its next exploration mission. Named Chang’e 4, the mission is scheduled to touch down in the Aitken Basin near the end of 2018. If successful, it will be the first landing on the Moon’s far side.
RUSSIA
Russia plans a manned Moon landing in 2030. It is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the Moon, exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost(前哨站).
INDIA
Following the success of its Chandrayaan-1 in 2008, India announced a follow-on mission. Chandrayaan-2 was meant to cooperate with Russia. But when the Russians failed to deliver the promised lander in 2013, India decided to go it alone. Chandrayaan-2 is about to be sent up in 2018.
U. S. A.
In December 2018, NASA plans to send up the Exploration Mission 1, an uncrewed test of their Orion astronaut capsule in which the craft will circle around the Moon before returning to Earth. All being well, a crewed capsule will follow in 2023. Should the mission prove a success, the astronauts will be the first humans to see the far side of the Moon with their own eyes since Apollo 17 in 1972.
1. What will China do in its next space mission?
A. Improve its Jade Rabbit rover.
B. Work with other countries.
C. Land Chang’e 4 on the Moon.
D. Explore the south pole of the Moon.
2. Why did India try to carry out its follow-on mission alone?
A. It couldn’t find a partner.
B. It didn’t get the lander as planned.
C. The Russians refused to work with India.
D. It planned to launch Chandrayaan-2 in advance.
3. Which country is interested in resources on the Moon?
A. Russia. B. China. C. India. D. U. S. A.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国、俄罗斯、印度和美国的登月计划。
1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Named Chang’e 4, the mission is scheduled to touch down in the Aitken Basin near the end of 2018.（这项任务名为嫦娥4号，计划于2018年底前降落在月球Aitken Basin地区。）”可知，中国的下一步空间计划是嫦娥四号登月。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But when the Russians failed to deliver the promised lander in 2013, India decided to go it alone.（但当俄罗斯未能在2013年提供承诺的登陆器时，印度决定单干。）”可知，由于俄罗斯没能给印度提供着陆器，因此印度决定自己实施登月计划。 故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“It is currently working on a project whose idea is that the landers will explore the south pole of the Moon, exploring for resources such as minerals and water ice to be used to provide for a human outpost.（目前，它正在进行一个项目，其想法是，登陆器将探索月球的南极，探索矿产和水冰等资源，以供人类前哨站使用）”可知，当前俄罗斯正启动一项工程， 其思路是登陆器将探索月球的南极的资源，即俄罗斯对月球上的资源非常感兴趣。故选A项。
