A
(2020·石家庄高三阶段检测)Macinley Butson was just 16 years old when she first had the idea to try and protect women from morethannecessary radiation during breast cancer treatments—and now，her invention could be a game changer in the medical field.
Butson，whose father works in medical physics，has always been interested in science.But she only began researching the side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatment in his work.Since Butson had also recently lost a relative to breast cancer，she felt inspired to conduct her own research on the subject.She tried to begin her medical research by consulting scientific journals，but she found their academic terms almost impossible to understand.
She then turned to the Internet to find videos that taught how to read scientific journals.As she went deeper in her research，she stumbled upon a key bit of information: copper(铜)has been shown to be effective at protecting skin from radiation.An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film on medieval wars in her 10th grade history class.When she saw the scale(鳞)patterns of the mail(铠甲)，she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out of copper.She then headed back online and watched videos on how to put tiny scales together.She made her own flexible scale mail which she now calls SMART(Scale Maille Armour for Radiation Therapy)．
When her invention was tested in a laboratory setting，it reduced surface exposure to unnecessary radiation by 75%.And now Butson is working on getting her SMART into clinical settings for use.
[语篇解读] 文章讲述了Macinley Butson通过自己的研究与努力，制造出了铜制的鳞甲，可以用于减少癌症病人在放射性治疗中所遭受的不必要的辐射。
1．Why did Macinley Butson start her research?
A．To assist her father with his work.
B．To save her relative from cancer.
C．To publish some articles in journals.
D．To find effective ways to treat cancer.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“But she only began researching the side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatment in his work.”可知，在她的父亲谈论有关他工作中无效的癌症治疗经历后，她才开始研究放射治疗的副作用。由此可知，Macinley Butson开始自己的研究是为了找到治疗癌症的有效方法。故选D。
答案：D
2．What does the underlined phrase “stumbled upon” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?
A．Came across. B．Missed.
C．Passed on. D．Required.
解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句中的“As she went deeper in her research”以及第三句中的“An idea hit this Australian teen”可知，Macinley Butson是在深入研究的过程中，无意中发现这一条重要信息的，并且根据这一条信息再加上受所看的中世纪战争电影的启发，她有了一个主意。由此可知，stumbled upon的含义与A项“偶然发现”相近，故选A。
答案：A
3．Where did Macinley Butson get inspiration for her invention?
A．Videos online.
B．Scientific journals.
C．History textbooks.
D．Soldiers' defensive clothes.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“When she saw the scale patterns of the mail，she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out of copper.”可知，Macinley Butson是从士兵的铠甲上获得发明灵感的，故选D。
答案：D
4．Which of the following best describes Macinley Butson?
A．Stubborn. B．Creative.
C．Selfless. D．Considerate.
解析：推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，Macinley Butson通过查阅科学杂志进行放射治疗的副作用方面的研究，随着研究的深入，她知道了铜在保护皮肤免受辐射方面有效，又受所看的中世纪战争电影中士兵所穿的鳞甲的启发而发明出了可减少癌症病人在放射性治疗中所遭受的不必要的辐射的铜制鳞甲SMART。由此可知，她是非常具有创造力的。故选B。
答案：B
词汇积累：Para.2：ineffective adj.无效果的，不起作用的 consult vt.查阅 Para.3：medieval adj.中世纪的 wearable adj.可穿戴的
