Ⅰ.阅读理解

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

(2020·北京市朝阳区高三二模)

If there’s one cliche(陈词滥调)that really annoys Danah Boyd，a specialist researcher who has made a career from studying the way teenagers use the web，it’s that of the digital native.“Today the world has computer-mediated communications.Thus，in order to learn about their social world around them，teenagers are learning about those things too.And they’re using that to work out the stuff that kids have always worked out: peer(同龄人)sociality，status，etc.” she says.

It’s no surprise Boyd takes exception，really.As one of the first digital anthropologists to dig into the way teenagers use social networking sites，she gained insights into the social web by taking a closer look at what was going on.

Lately，her work has been about explaining new ways of interpreting the behavior we see online.She outlined some examples at a recent conference in San Francisco，including the case of a young man from one of the poorest districts of Los Angeles who was applying for a top American college.The applicant said he wanted to escape the influence of violence，but the admissions officer was shocked when he discovered that the boy’s MySpace page was covered with precisely the violent language he claimed to hate.“Why was he lying about his motivations？” asked the university.“He wasn’t，” said Boyd.“In his world，showing the right images online was a key part of surviving daily life.”

Understanding what’s happening online is especially important，for today’s teenagers have a vastly different approach to privacy from their parents.She says，“Adults think of the home as a very private space.That’s often not the case for teenagers because they have little or no control over who has access to it，or under what conditions.As a result，the online world can feel more private because it feels like there’s more control.”

The concept of control is central to Boyd’s work，and it applies to pointing out the true facts about teenage behavior.Boyd suggests control remains in the same places as it always did.

“Technologists all go for the idea of techno utopia(乌托邦)，the web as great democratizer(民主化)”，she says.“But we’re not actually democratizing the whole system; we’re just shifting the way in which we discriminate.”

It’s a call to arms that most academic researchers would tend to sidestep，but then Boyd admits to treading a fine line between academics and activists.“The questions I continue to want to ask are the things that are challenging to me；having to sit down and be forced to think about uncomfortable social stuff，and it’s really hard to get my head around it，which means it’s exactly what I should dive in and deal with，” she says.

1．What does Danah Boyd think of “computer-mediated communications”？

A．They teach teenagers about social interaction.

B．They replace other sorts of social interaction for teenagers.

C．They are necessary for teenagers to have social interaction.

D．They are barriers to wider social interaction among teenagers.

2．Why does Danah Boyd cite the example of the Los Angeles college applicant?

A．To show how easy it is to investigate somebody’s online activity.

B．To illustrate how easy it is to misinterpret an individual online activity.

C．To prove how important it is to check the content of someone’s online activity.

D．To express how necessary it is to judge someone’s sincerity from his online activity.

3．Danah Boyd argues in Paragraph 4 that      .

A．teenagers feel more private in the online world than in the home

B．teenagers are less concerned about privacy than their parents

C．parents tend not to respect teenagers’ need for online privacy

D．parents value the idea of privacy less in a domestic environment

4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that Danah Boyd      .

A．is willing to take on research challenges others would avoid

B．regards herself as being more of an activist than a researcher

C．is aware that she is lacking in ability to deal with the challenges

D．feels like abandoning the research into uncomfortable social stuff

【答案】　1.C　2.B　3.A　4.A

【解析】　本文是议论文。数字人类学家Danah Boyd深入研究青少年使用社交网站方式，她指出：青少年在网络上的行为很容易被误解，他们在网络世界里隐私感更强。

1．推理判断题。根据第一段中Danah Boyd 所说的话“Today the world has computer-mediated communications.Thus，in order to learn about their social world around them，teenagers are learning about those things too.”(今天，世界已经有了以计算机为媒介的通信。因此，为了了解他们周围的社会世界，青少年也在学习这些东西。)由此判断出，Danah Boyd认为“以计算机为媒介的通信”是青少年了解周围的社会所必要的。故选C项。

2．推理判断题。文章第三段举出一位来自洛杉矶最贫困地区的年轻人申请美国顶尖大学的例子。在Boyd举出的例子中，那个男孩申请的大学对他在网上的行为有所误解，认为他撒谎。但是Boyd认为那个男孩没有撒谎，他在网上的那些有暴力语言的图片反映了他在日常生活中是怎样生存的。因此可以推断，Boyd举出这个例子是为了说明一个人的网上活动是多么容易被误解。故选B项。

3．细节理解题。第四段中提到“Adults think of the home as a very private space.That’s often not the case for teenagers because they have little or no control over who has access to it，or under what conditions.”(成年人认为家是一个非常私人的空间。对于青少年来说，情况往往不是这样，因为他们很少能或根本无法控制谁或者在什么条件下会进入(他们的隐私空间)；根据“As a result，the online world can feel more private because it feels like there’s more control.”(因此，(对于他们来说)，网络世界隐私感更强，因为他们感觉有了更多的控制。)可知，青少年在网络世界中感觉比在家里更有隐私感。故选A项。

4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“...most academic researchers would tend to sidestep，but then...’The questions I continue to want to ask are the things that are challenging to me；...it’s really hard to get my head around it，which means it’s exactly what I should dive in and deal with，’”，Danah Boyd 认为大多数学术研究人员都倾向于回避，但是她觉得这些问题对她来说是挑战。这些问题很难理解，而这正是她应该深入研究探讨的。因此可以推断，Boyd愿意接受其他人可能会回避的挑战。故选A项。