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(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly firstrate photojournalism—if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott's last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.
篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。一组冰封于海底的木船的老照片让人们重新记起了英国探险家Shackleton远征南极的探险故事。
1．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?
A．They were made last week.
B．They showed undersea sceneries.
C．They were found by a cameraman.
D．They recorded a disastrous adventure.
答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句可知，这些照片是由一位意外存活下来的摄影师拍摄于1914年到1916年，大多数是在经历海难后，由此可判断它们记录了一次海难。故选D。
2．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?
A．Frank Hurley. B．Ernest Shackleton.
C．Robert Falcon Scott. D．Caroline Alexander.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，Scott船长在1912年率先到达了南极。故选C。
3．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A．Artistic creation. B．Scientific research.
C．Money making. D．Treasure hunting.
答案：C 细节理解题。根据第四段第一句中的“a thoroughly commercial effort”和倒数第二句可知，Alexander认为1914年的探险完全是一种商业行为，也就是为了赚钱，因此可判断选C项。
【词汇积累】 ①collection n. 一批物品；收藏品 ②voyage n. 航行；航海 ③forceful adj. 有说服力的；强有力的 ④in one's honor 为纪念……
【难句分析】 原文：Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published. 弗兰克·赫尔利是一名自信而有天赋的澳大利亚摄影师，他熟悉南极，被雇佣来拍摄这些照片，其中大部分从未出版过。(第四段最后一句)
分析：本句为主从复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer为Frank Hurley的同位语，用来解释说明主语；of which为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 images。
