A
A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.
Frank Hurley's pictures would be outstanding—undoubtedly firstrate photojournalism—if they had been made last week. In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海难), by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival. Many of the images were stored in an ice chest, under freezing water, in the damaged wooden ship.
The ship was the Endurance, a small, tight, Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists, 27 men in all, to the southernmost shore of Antarctica's Weddell Sea. From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent. The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done. Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.
As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance, adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort. Scott's last journey, completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger, caught the world's imagination, and a film made in his honor drew crowds. Shackleton, a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908, started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography. Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of which have never before been published.
本文是一篇说明文。一组拍摄于1914年至1916年间的照片生动再现了当年探险家沙克尔顿失败的南极之旅。沙克尔顿立志超越此前已经成功抵达南极的斯科特，但却以失败告终。
21．What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?
A．They were made last week.
B．They showed undersea sceneries.
C．They were found by a cameraman.
D．They recorded a disastrous adventure.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“In fact, they were shot from 1914 through 1916, most of them after a disastrous shipwreck(海难)．..”可知多数照片是他们遇上海难后所拍摄的。故D项正确。
22．Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?
A．Frank Hurley. B．Ernest Shackleton.
C．Robert Falcon Scott. D．Caroline Alexander.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912...”可知最先到达南极的是Robert Falcon Scott。故选C项。
23．What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?
A．Artistic creation. B．Scientific research.
C．Money making. D．Treasure hunting.
答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句中的“...thoroughly commercial effort...”以及倒数第二句“...to make money from movie and still photography.”可知，1914年的南极之行是纯粹的商业行为，在探险之行之前沙克尔顿已经成立了公司并想从电影及摄像中谋利，而澳大利亚籍摄影师则是受雇于他专门进行拍摄。由此可以得知，其目的是为了挣钱，故选择C项。
