二、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,我们通常用“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”,用“介词+whom”。如果指“物”,用“介词+which”;关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。选用介词的依据:
1.根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)。
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
昨天我们参观了西湖,杭州因其而出名。(be famous for“因……而出名”)
2.根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成,不一定是短语)。
This is the camera with which he often takes photos.
这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera“用照相机”)
The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.
金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(in the boss' company)
3.根据句子的意思来选择。
The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.
这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。
4.表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时,通常用介词of。
I have about 10 books, half of which were written by Mo Yan.
我大约有10本书,其中一半是莫言写的。
[名师点津] 在定语从句中,有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用,如look after, look for等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。