1.(2013年，上海卷）
Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization 1 for all?
According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce 2 in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 3 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration (融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes 4 at an average rate of five percent—compared to two percent in developed countries.
Those who 5 globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. 6 , small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 7 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.
Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 8 the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 9 from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. 10 , they maintain that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses. For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to 11 their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of 12 . When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 13 and will be crowded out.
One thing is certain about globalization—there is no 14 . Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The 15 now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all.
1.A.possible B.smooth C.good D.easy
2.A.crime B.poverty C.conflict D.population
3.A.contributing B.responding C.turning D.owing
4.A.remain B.drop C.shift D.increase
5.A.doubt B.define C.advocate D.ignore
6.A.In addition B.For instance C.In other words D.All in all
7.A.mature B.new C.local D.foreign
8.A.finding B.exploring C.bridging D.widening
9.A.suffered B.profited C.learned D.withdrawn
10.A.Furthermore B.Therefore C.However D.Otherwise
11.A.consume B.deliver C.export D.advertise
12.A.trouble B.business C.power D.mind
13.A.keep up B.come in C.go around D.help out
14.A.taking off B.getting along C.holding out D.turning back
15.A.agreement B.prediction C.outcome D.challenge
【答案】CBADC BCDBA CBADD
【解析】本文是说明文，文章主要讲述的是市场开放，即全球化给人们带来的影响。文章中包含两种相反的观点，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的好处，一种观点陈述的是全球化带来的问题，各有充足的论点和论据。文章最后得出结论：全球化不可避免、无回头路可走，只有想办法找到一条最好的全球化的道路。
1.考查形容词。句意：问题是，经济全球化对所有人都好吗（有好处吗）?A.possible可能的；B.smooth顺利的，光滑的，平稳的；C.good好的；D.easy简单的。根据上一句的“increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market可知，逐渐地把世界经济转变为了一个自由流动的全球大市场，很明显这是讲市场开放的好处，这里是针对这种情况进行发问，故选C。
2.考查名词。句意：经济全球化帮助减少贫困。A.crime 犯罪；B.poverty贫困；C.conflict冲突；D.population人口。根据后文的“It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries ”中的increased wealth(增加的财富)可知，市场开放给这些国家带来了财富的增加，财富增加了，那么就是减少了贫困问题。故选B。
3.考查动词短语。句意：增加的财富使教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长。A.contributing促成，导致；B.responding对……做出反应；C.turning转向，向某人求助；D.owing to由于。根据后面的improved education and longer life可知，教育得到了改善，人的寿命得到了延长，因此是产生了好的促进作用，故选A。
4.考查动词。句意：这24个国家的人的收入增加了平均百分之五。A.remain仍然；B.drop下降；C.shift转移，变换；D.increase增加。根据上文中的It quotes one study that shows increased wealth 52 to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries可知，这24个国家的财富增加了，也就是说他们的收入增加了，即increase。故选D。
5.考查动词。句意：发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会。A.doubt怀疑；B.define定义、规定、明确；C.advocate提倡，拥护；D.ignore忽视。根据后面的 economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses可知，发展中国家的经济会收益，源于小型的、家庭型生意获得的新机会，尤其是其中的“benefit from”可知，该观点的those（人们）是支持，提倡市场开放的，故选C项。
6.考查介词短语。句意：例如，巴西的小农场主，他们生产的坚果原本只在当地市场销售。上一句讲到了小型的、家庭型的生意会获得更多的机会，该句讲的是他们具体是得到怎样的机会，因此属于具体说明、举例说明，故选择B项的for instance，意为“例如”。In addition意为“此外”，表递进关系。In other words换句话说。All in all总而言之。故选B。
7.考查形容词。句意：例如，巴西的小农场主，他们生产的坚果原本只在当地市场销售。A.mature成熟的；B.new新的；C.local当地的；D.foreign国外的。根据后面的“can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.”中的now, worldwide与前半句的originally和 in 56 open-air markets 是对比关系，即过去是当地市场，现在市场开放后是全球市场。故选C。
8.考查动词。句意：经济全球化加大了穷人和富人之间的差距。A.finding找到；B.exploring探索；C.bridging架桥、度过；D.widening变宽。根据前面的“Critics take a different view”可知，该部分陈述的是反对市场开放的观点，因此他们认为市场开放会加大（widen）穷人和富人之间的差距。故选D。
9.考查动词。句意：只有少部分发展中国家是从中（市场开放）收益的。A.suffered遭受；B.profited获益、盈利；C.learned学习；D.withdrawn撤退、收回。根据后面的“the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind”可知，穷人、未受教育的人、没有技术的工人和当地人都被丢在了后面，也就是说只有少部分人是从中（市场开放）收益的，故选B。
10.考查连词。句意：而且全球化会逐渐威胁到新兴企业。A.Furthermore此外，表递进关系；B.Therefore因此，因果关系；C.However然而，转折关系；D.Otherwise否则，转折关系。根据下文的“globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses.”可知，该观点与上面几句的观点类似，都是属于反对市场开放的，但是该观点与上面的加大贫富差距不一样，因此跟上一观点是递进关系，故选A。
11.考查动词。句意：例如，印度的手艺人目前看起来是从全球化中收益了，因为他们可以出口他们的商品，但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。A.consume消耗、消费；B.deliver递送，发表；C.export出口；D.advertise做广告。根据上文中的“small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56 open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet”可知，当地人可以通过互联网把商品卖到世界各地，即向国外出口（export)商品，故选C。
12.考查介词短语。句意：但是他们很快就会面对激烈的竞争，这可能会让他们破产。根据前文face fierce competition可知，激烈的竞争可能会导致他们破产，即out of business。Out of trouble 脱离困境；out of power丧失权力；out of mind心不在焉。故选B。
13.考查动词短语。句意：小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。A.keep up保持、继续、不落后；B.come in进来；C.go around四处走动、供应；D.help out帮助……摆脱困境。根据上文的out of business和下文的be crowded out可知，此处指的是小手艺人的生意将不能继续下去。故选A。
14.考查动词短语。句意：全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的。A.taking off起飞，脱掉；B.getting along相处、进展；C.holding out伸出、坚持；D.turning back往回走。根据下文可知，随着科技的发展，还会有更多的开放政策，将会出现更好的全球化，因此可知，全球化是必然的，是没有回头路可走的，故选D。
15.考查名词。句意：目前最大的挑战就是找到一个方法，来创造出一个能够对每一个人都有好处的全球化。A.agreement同意、一致；B.prediction预测、预计；C.outcome后果；D.challenge挑战。创造出对每个人都有好处的全球化是一个挑战。故选D。
