A
First aid means the aid or the help that can be given to an injured person first, that is, before any other help arrives. Nowadays there is usually a telephone not far away and the first we should do, if a serious accident happens, is to call for an ambulance. Sometimes quick action by us may save someone’s life.
Shock. People often suffer from shock after receiving an injury, sometimes even when the injury is a small one. The face turns grey, and the skin becomes damp and cold. They breathe quickly. They should be kept warm. Cover them with a blanket and give them a warm drink.
Broken bones. Do not move the patient. Send for an ambulance at once.
Bleeding. A little bleeding doesn't harm. It washes dirt from the wound. But if the bleeding continues, try to stop it by placing a clean cloth firmly over the wound until the bleeding stops or help arrives.
Poison. A person who has taken poison should be taken to a hospital at once. With some poisons, sleeping pills, for example, it is a good thing to make the patient throw up by pressing your fingers down his throat.
Remember: When an accident happens, send someone to telephone for an ambulance at once. Keep the injured person warm and quiet. Give him plenty of air. Do not let other people crowd around him.
1. How many common accidents are mentioned in this passage?
A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.
2. If someone goes into shock after receiving an injury, you’ll find that _______________.
A. the patient breathes quickly. B. the face turns grey.
C. the skin becomes damp and cold. D. All of the above.
3. Which of the following statements is WRONG according to the passage?
A. Don’t move the injured person if he has broken his legs.
B. When a person has taken poison, we must make him throw up at once.
C. If an injured person goes into shock, we must try to keep them warm.
D. First aid means to give an injured person necessary help at once before the doctor comes
4. The passage mainly tells us _______________.
A. something we must remember.
B. some examples of common accidents.
C. some facts about some common accidents.
D. some advice on how to deal with common accidents.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。急救是指在其他救援人员到达之前，能够首先给予伤者的援助或帮助。我们首先应该做的，如果发生严重的事故，是叫救护车。有时我们的快速行动可能会挽救某人的生命。文章主要介绍了四种常见事故发生时应当采取的急救措施。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二、三、四和五段内容可知提到了休克、骨折、流血、中毒四种事故，由此可知，文章中提到了四种常见的事故。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段Shock. People often suffer from shock after receiving an injury, sometimes even when the injury is a small one. The face turns grey, and the skin becomes damp and cold. They breathe quickly. They should be kept warm. Cover them with a blanket and give them a warm drink.可知休克。人们受伤后经常会休克，有时甚至是很小的伤害。脸变得灰白，皮肤变得又湿又冷。他们呼吸很快。他们应该保持温暖。给他们盖上毯子，给他们一杯热饮。由此可知，如果有人受伤后休克，你会发现病人呼吸急促，脸色发灰，皮肤变得又湿又冷。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Poison. A person who has taken poison should be taken to a hospital at once. With some poisons, sleeping pills, for example, it is a good thing to make the patient throw up by pressing your fingers down his throat.可知中毒。服了毒药的人应该马上送医院。一些毒药，比如安眠药，通过手指压进喉咙，让病人呕吐是一件好事。由此可知，B选项“当一个人服毒后，我们必须立即让他呕吐”错误。故选B。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段First aid means the aid or the help that can be given to an injured person first, that is, before any other help arrives. Nowadays there is usually a telephone not far away and the first we should do, if a serious accident happens, is to call for an ambulance. Sometimes quick action by us may save someone’s life.可知急救是指在其他任何帮助到达之前，首先给予伤者的帮助或救助。现在一般不远处都有电话，如果发生严重的事故，我们首先要做的就是呼叫救护车。有时候，我们的快速行动可能会挽救一个人的生命。结合文章主要介绍了四种常见事故发生时应当采取的急救措施。由此可知，这篇文章主要告诉我们一些关于如何处理常见事故的建议。故选D。
