A
Essay
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Epic Fails: The Wright Brothers: Nose-Diving into History
By Erik Slader and Ben Thompson. Ages 6 to 12.
The first book in the Epic Fails series deals with one of the most ambitious goals humans have pursued: the quests to fly. Authors Slader and Thompson focus on life-or-death scenes, such as when the Wright brothers crashed their glider over and over on the sandy coast of North Carolina; it took them two more years to get it right.
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Epic Fails: The Race to Space: Countdown to Liftoff
By Erik Slader and Ben Thompson. Ages 6 to 12
Today, everyone is familiar with Neil Armstrong’s famous words as he first set foot on the moon, “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.” He made it look easy, but America’s journey to the moon was anything but simple. Our first attempt was a failure. Still, we didn’t give up. We tried again. And again. And each time we failed, we failed a little bit better.
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Fantastic Failures: True Stories of People Who Changed the World by Falling Down First
By Luke Reynolds. Ages 6 to 12.
Teacher Luke Reynolds opens each chapter with a quick, impossibly perfect version of one person’s life and then says how that person actually had to face huge challenges to accomplish goals. In this book, Reynolds writes about various common men, women and children.
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Cyrus Field’s Big dream：The Daring Effort to Lay the First Transatlantic Telegraph Cable
By Mary Morton Cowan. Ages 6 to 12.
In 1853，it took at least a week to relay a message between the United States and Europe because people had to be transported on ships over the Atlantic Ocean. Cyrus Field tried to reduce that transmission（传送）time to just minutes by laying a long undersea cable. In this book，Cowan describes many failures Field suffered before he achieved this major breakthrough.
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1. Who are the four books intended for?
A. Children. B. Teenagers. C. Adults. D. Old people.
2. What do we know about Fantastic Failures?
A. It was written by a famous actor. B. It tells stories of ordinary people.
C. It is about science fiction stories. D. It is a picture book by a teacher.
3. What lesson can we learn from the four books?
A. All roads lead to Rome. B. Failure is the mother of success.
C. An early bird catches worms D. Actions speak louder than words.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，文章通过介绍有关经历失败而获得成功的人物故事，四本书的主旨告诉我们：失败乃成功之母。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。从每一段的Ages 6 to 12.来看，年龄都是6到12岁，所以是孩子的年纪。由此判断出四本书是写给孩子的。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三个小标题下面的最后一句“In this book, Reynolds writes about various common men, women and children.”在这本书里，Reynolds写了关于不同的普通男人，女人和孩子的故事。所以《梦幻的失败》这本书讲述的是普通人的故事。故选B项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，根据文中“Authors Slader and Thompson focus on life-or-death scenes, such as when the Wright brothers crashed their glider over and over on the sandy coast of North Carolina; it took them two more years to get it right.”莱特兄弟驾驶的滑翔机在一次又一次坠毁在北卡罗来纳州的沙滩上，他们花了2年多的时间才把事情弄清楚。第二个表格中“Our first attempt was a failure. Still, we didn’t give up. We tried again. And again.”我们第一次尝试失败了，我们仍然没有放弃，我们一次又一次尝试。第三个表格“person actually had to face huge challenges to accomplish goals.”为了实现目标，人们实际上不得不面对巨大的挑战。第四部分“Field suffered before he achieved this major breakthrough.”菲尔德在取得这一重大突破之前遭受了很多的罪，可知，文章介绍的四本书的内容都是有关经历失败而获得成功的人物故事。由此判断我们能从中学到，失败乃成功之母，故选B项。
