A
(山东北镇中学检测)
No one enjoys hearing the sound of someone else chewing their food. Most of the time, though, it's not that big a deal but a minor annoyance.
But for a small group of people with misophonia (恐音症), the sound can be painful, causing extreme anger and deep discomfort. The most ordinary sounds of chewing and breathing can drive them crazy. Past attempts to explain the causes of misophonia have suggested everything from compulsive disorder to an easilyannoyed personality — but according to a study published yesterday in the journal Current Biology, the true criminal is the structure of the brain.
For the study, a team of researchers led by Newcastle University neuroscientist Sukhbinder Kumar recruited (招募) 42 volunteers, of whom around half had extreme misophonia and the other half served as the control group, and played them several different noises: some ordinary; some harsh, like the sound of a person screaming; and some that were ordinary for the control group but known to be annoying for misophonics, people with misophonia, like the sound of breathing. As the participants listened, the researchers monitored them for signs of anxiety, both physical symptoms and behavioral expressions, and observed their brain activity using FMRI scans.
The only significant difference in reaction between the two groups happened, during the misophoniaspecific sounds, when those with the condition showed physical changes that suggested they were entering fightorflight mode.
Misophonics had increased activity in the AIC, an area known to play a central role in the system that determines which things we should pay attention to. When the trigger sounds were played, there was not only more activity in this region but also abnormally high levels of connection to other regions.
Misophonia, in other words, may be a result of misplaced attention the brain of a misophonic focuses on things that other people normally tune out (不予理会). On a related note, on behalf of misophonics and mannersminded moms everywhere: Please, chew with your mouth closed.
本文主要讲述了一些恐音症患者对某些细小的声音都会有极大的反应，及其发生的原因。
1．What is the true criminal of misophonia?
A．Sounds of chewing and breathing.
B．Compulsive disorder.
C．An easilyannoyed personality.
D．The structure of the brain.
答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段Past attempts to explain the causes of misophonia have suggested everything from compulsive disorder to an easilyannoyed personality—but according to a study published yesterday in the journal Current Biology, the true criminal is the structure of the brain.可知，恐音症的罪魁祸首其实是大脑结构。结合选项，故选D。
2．Which way did researches use to carry out their research?
A．Playing volunteers several different voices.
B．Observing volunteers' heart activity using FMRI scans.
C．Monitoring volunteers for signs of anxiety.
D．Analyzing volunteers' answers to specific questions.
答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段As the participants listened, the researchers monitored them for signs of anxiety, both physical symptoms and behavioral expressions...可知，当参加测试的人在听各种声音的时候，研究人员检测他们的焦虑程度，身体症状和行为表现……结合选项，故选C。
3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Misophonics had decreased activity in the AIC during the misophoniaspecific sounds.
B．The brain of a misophonic concentrates on things other people normally ignore.
C．Around 42 volunteers with extreme misophonia were recruited in the research.
D．Chewing food noisily is appreciated by the people all over the world.
答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段Misophonia, in other words, may be a result of misplaced attention the brain of a misophonic focuses on things that other people normally tune out (不予理会)．可知，恐音症者会错误地关注其他人们不会理会的一些声音，因此他们会对某些声音敏感。结合选项，故选B。
4．What is the main idea of the passage?
A．Reasons why misophonics can't stand even small noises.
B．Misophonia may cause misplaced attention.
C．We should care for misophonics.
D．Symptoms of misophonia.
答案：A
解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文中主要讲述了一些恐音症患者对某些细小的声音都会有极大的反应，并讲述了其发生的原因。结合选项，故选A。
