A
Do you know how to prepare for and survive a major earthquake? According to Department of Conservation scientists, it is important to have the right answer to that question.
How to Be Prepared
Electricity, water, gas(煤气) and telephones may not be working after an earthquake. The police and fire departments are likely to be tied up. You should be prepared to take care of yourself for at least three days, preferably for a week. You’ll need food, water and so on. It’s also a good idea to decide ahead of time how and where your family will reunite if separated during a quake. You might choose an outofthearea friend or relative that family members can call to check on you.
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If you’re indoors, stay there. Get under a desk or table. The kitchen is a particularly dangerous spot. If you’re in an office building, stay away from windows and outside walls and do not use the elevator. If you’re outside, get into the open. Stay clear of buildings, power lines or anything else that could fall on you. If you’re driving, move the car out of traffic and stop. Avoid parking under or on bridges or overpasses.
After an Earthquake
Check for fire. If you smell gas, shut off the main gas valve(阀). If there’s sign of damage to electrical wiring, shut off the power at the control box. If the phone is working, only use it in case of emergency(紧急情况). Avoid driving if possible to keep the streets clear for emergency vehicles. Be careful that things may fall out of cupboards when the door is opened, and also that chimneys can be weakened and fall with just a touch. Listen to the radio for important information and instructions. Remember that aftershocks, sometimes large enough to cause damage in their own right, generally follow large quakes. If you leave home, leave a message telling your friends and family your location.
【解题导语】 本文主要讲了在地震发生前如何做准备，地震发生时以及地震后应该采取什么措施。
21．Which of the following would be the best subtitle for the third paragraph?
A．Before an Earthquake
B．After Making Preparations
C．While Staying at Home
D．During an Earthquake
D 解析：段落大意题。根据本段中的主要信息：躲在桌子下、厨房很危险、远离窗户和墙、不要使用电梯等可以推知这些情况都应该是在地震的过程中发生的，故D项为最佳小标题。
22．What should you do when an earthquake happens?
A．You should stay away from the kitchen.
B．You should drive on a bridge.
C．You should turn off the power.
D．You should listen to the radio frequently.
A 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“The kitchen is a particularly dangerous spot.”可知，地震发生时，厨房是个危险的地方，所以要避开。C、D两项是地震后应该做的事情；B项是不应该做的事。
23．According to the passage, why doesn’t the author advise driving after an earthquake?
A．Because it is dangerous to drive as there will be aftershocks.
B．Because your car will be easily damaged in the streets full of blocks.
C．Because you should make way for emergency vehicles.
D．Because you can’t find a place to park your car.
C 解析：细节理解题。由第四段第五句可知，作者建议地震后避免开车的意图是为救护车辆让路，故C项为正确答案。
