A
(2018·双流中学高一期中)
What is the difference between developed and developing countries？The question is quite a difficult one.But we can compare them in two important aspects：people and the economy.
In developing countries there are high rates of both birth and death.Families decide to give birth to more than one child，because many developing countries do not have the necessary systems to guarantee (保证) the life of old people.Raising more children seems to be the only way to make sure that during their later years they will be taken care of.
The situation is completely different in fullydeveloped countries.Those countries have low rates of birth and mortality.The low mortality rate lies mainly in the good health care，while the leading reason for the low birth rate is that supporting a family with more children is expensive nowadays.Another reason is that more and more women decide to work outside，so there is usually no time for a large group of children in their lives.
In developed countries，most industries have high levels of technological progress，while in developing countries most GDP comes from agriculture.It is mainly due to the fact that services and many branches(分部) of industry are in the stage of development.But they have the potential (潜力) to develop quickly，because they have many things to improve.
Of course，the difference between developed and developing countries is not that clear，because some countries might be in the middle of great changes.When a country is in that stage，some data can show the country is a developing one，but others may show that it is a developed one.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了发展中国家和发达国家的区别。
1．In developing countries，there are high birth rates because people hope ________.
A．their children will have a bright future
B．generations can live under the same roof
C．they will be looked after in old age
D．the next generation can contribute more to society
解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Families decide to give birth to more than one child，because many developing countries do not have the necessary systems to guarantee(保证)the life of old people.Raising more children seems to be the only way to make sure that during their later years they will be taken care of.”可知，发展中国家出生率高是因为人们希望养儿防老。故选C项。
2．What's the meaning of the underlined word “mortality” in Paragraph 3?
A．Health. B．Death.
C．Employment. D．Survival.
解析：选B 词义猜测题。第二、第三段主要是对发展中国家和发达国家出生率和死亡率之间差距的原因的分析。根据第三段中的“The low mortality rate lies mainly in the good health care...”可推知，mortality即death。故选B项。
3．How is the text developed?
A．By analyzing causes.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By giving examples.
D．By following the time order.
解析：选B 推理判断题。本文主要是从人口和经济两方面对发展中国家和发达国家进行对比后得出观点，因此本文是通过比较的方式来展开的。故选B项。
