A
The trouble started at 9：30 p. m. last New Year’s Eve, in Newmark. When the fire engines（消防车）arrived at the fire, a very old woman was sitting in a third floor window. The firefighters placed a ladder（梯子）against the wooden house, and 26-year-old Marcus Reddick climbed 35 feet to the third floor.
The woman, 60 years old and very fat, was sitting with both feet out of the window. When Marcus reached the top of the ladder, the woman, afraid and nervous, put her two legs around him. Suddenly Marcus fell backwards off the ladder, with the large woman sitting on him. Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs-and broke the woman’s fall. She fell no more, but he fell another ten feet down the stairs. When the fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious.
Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse. Doctors talked of turning off the life-saving machine and asked if the family would like to give away his heart. The answer was “yes”.
On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’ coffin（棺材）—covered with an American flag-onto a yellow fire engine. Hundreds of firefighters from all over the state joined the procession（行列）through Newmark streets. Children watched silently from school windows. The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young girl. His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved.
1. After reaching the top of the ladder, Marcus ________.
A. was very terrified and anxious
B. was knocked off and got hurt
C. found it difficult to get down
D. couldn’t see anything clearly
2. The underlined word “unconscious” in Paragraph 2 means“________”.
A. homeless B. breathless
C. helpless D. senseless
3. We can infer from the end of the text that Marcus’ family might feel ________.
A. sorrowful but proud
B. depressed but excited
C. angry and doubtful
D. worried and surprised
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
这是一篇记叙文。记叙了消防员马库斯在救人时不幸受伤脑死亡，受到了全国人民的缅怀和纪念的故事。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中Suddenly Marcus fell backwards off the ladder, with the large woman sitting on him. Marcus landed first—hitting a wall beside the front stairs-and broke the woman’s fall.（突然马库斯从梯子上向后摔了下来，那个大个子女人坐在他身上。马库斯先着地，撞上了前面楼梯旁的一堵墙，摔断了这名女子的腿。）以及最后一句When the fire officer reached him, Marcus was unconscious.（当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯已经失去了知觉。）可知到达梯子的顶端后，马库斯被撞倒受伤了。故选B。
【2题详解】
词义猜测题。根据下文Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse.可知不到一个小时，一名医生告诉他们，马库斯几乎已经脑死亡，情况只会变得更糟。可知当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯受了伤已经失去了知觉。到医院后马库斯几乎已经脑死亡了。故可推测划线单词意思为“无意识的”，故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段On January 6, firefighters lifted Marcus’ coffin-covered with an American flag-onto a yellow fire engine. Hundreds of firefighters from all over the state joined the procession through Newmark streets. Children watched silently from school windows. The day Marcus died, his heart was given away to a young girl. His family said that it was the second life Marcus had saved.（1月6日，消防队员将马库斯的棺材抬上黄色的消防车，棺材上覆盖着美国国旗。来自全国各地的数百名消防员加入了纽马克街道的游行队伍。孩子们从学校的窗户静静地看着。马库斯死的那天，他的心被献给了一个年轻的女孩。他的家人说，这是马库斯救的第二次生命。）可知马库斯受到了大家的纪念和缅怀，因此家人感到悲伤却很骄傲。故选A。
【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为
①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。
②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。
③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。
④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。
⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。
如第二小题，根据下文Within an hour, a doctor told the men that Marcus was nearly brain dead, and would only get worse.可知不到一个小时，一名医生告诉他们，马库斯几乎已经脑死亡，情况只会变得更糟。可知当消防队员赶到他身边时，马库斯受了伤已经失去了知觉。到医院后马库斯几乎已经脑死亡了。故可推测划线单词意思为“无意识的”，故选D。
