A
Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers (消费者) have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (标签). However, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, then you’d better save your money. A study led by researchers at Stanford University says that organic products aren't necessarily more nutritious, and they're no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either.
For their new study, Smith-Spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories（种类）of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed(分析) the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats.
While the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards(标准). And both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. The researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends.
Organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesn't always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. The U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) states that "whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste." Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.
1. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean?
A. Organic food helps you save money.
B. Organic food contains much more nutrients.
C. Organic food is worth the high price.
D. Organic food is not always nutritious.
2. Smith-Spangler and her colleagues found that __________.
A. organic food could reduce the risk of heart disease
B. traditional food was grown with more natural methods
C. both organic and traditional food they examined were safe
D. there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food
3. What is the author’s attitude toward organic food?
A. Doubtful B. Unconcerned
C. Positive D. Supportive
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A
【解析】
【分析】
本文为议论文。由人们花很多钱去购买有机食品入题，提出有机食品并不是真的比传统食品更好。并引用专家的调查结果证实有机食品并未比传统食品有更好的营养成分。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。划线的上文Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. Consumers (消费者) have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels 可知，说没有人工化学物质的有机食品如今越来越受欢迎。消费者愿意为带有有机标签的商品支付高达双倍的费用。用一个However表示下文的内容与之相反。所以下文划线部分表达的意思就是这种有机产品并不一定就是更有营养，值得花两倍的钱。分析选项可知D项（有机食品并不总是有营养的）符合题意，故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中的“found little difference in nutritional content,…Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards”进行了详细的对比，发现在营养含量方面几乎没有差别 …无论是有机食品还是传统食品，两者都没有超标的化学物质含量，由此可推断出两者检测是安全的。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。作者在第一段提出人们不值得花过多的钱去买有机食品，以及最后一段引用USDA 美国农业部的观点。Organic food …. but that doesn't always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. “whether you buy organic food or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste” Fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic综合可知，作者认为有机食品并不总是转化为更有营养或更健康的产品。并用美国农业部的观点来证明：新鲜的食品至少与有机食品一样好。可知作者是质疑的态度。故A正确。
【点睛】推理判断试题属于高层次阅读理解题。这种题型包括判断题和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了得出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。做好该题型要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面意义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外之音”。如第2小题就是推理判断题。根据第四段中的“found little difference in nutritional content,…Neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards”进行了详细的对比，得出无论是有机食品还是传统食品，两者只有细微的差别，但两者都没有超标的化学物质含量，由此可推断出两者检测是安全的。故选D。
推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。
