知识点二:句法型错误
句法型错误包括:主谓一致;各种从句的引导词;强调句型;句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性及逻辑性。
1.主谓一致:对主谓一致的考查主要根据语法、意义、就近、就远等一致原则,判断人称和数是否与主语保持一致。常考点如下:
(1)由or,nor,either...or,neither...nor,not only...but also等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数遵循就近原则;
(2)当主语是A with/together with/as well as/including/...B时,谓语动词的单复数由A决定,遵循就远原则;
(3)动名词、不定式或名词从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数;
(4)“half/most/part/the rest/分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词要和of之后的名词的单复数保持一致;
(5)a quantity of/quantities of后既可接复数名词,也可接不可数名词,其谓语动词一般取决于quantity的单复数。